What is Literature?
Throughout these five years I came
through various definition of Literature. First is very common and famous
definition –
“Literature is mirror of the society”. But it is not so because
mirror shows only one side of us while literature shows the dual side of
people.
“Literature is something that reflects
society, makes us think about ourselves and our society, allows us to enjoy
language and beauty, it can be didactic, and it reflects on the human
condition. It both reflects ideology and changes ideology, just like it follows
generic conventions as well as changing them. It has social and political
effects: just ask Salman Rushdie or Vladamir Nanakov. Literature is the
creation of another world, a world that we can only see through reading
literature: just like Harry Potter and series of it.”
Moreover, What Literature mean in the
words of Franz Kafka, that –
“I think we ought to read only the
kinds of books that wound and stab us. If the book we are reading doesn’t wake
us up with a blow on the head, what are we reading it for? …we need the books
that affect us like a disaster, that grieve us deeply, like the death of
someone we loved more than ourselves, like a suicide. A book must be the axe
for the frozen sea inside us.”
Likewise, Julian Barnes’ definition
about Literature is something like this,
“The things Literature was all about:
love, sex, morality, friendship, happiness, suffering, betrayal, adultery, good
and evil, heroes and villains, guilt and innocence, ambition, power, justice,
revolution, war, fathers and sons, mothers and daughters, the individual
against society, success and failure, murder, suicide, death, God.”
According to me,
“Literature is the treasure of Knowledge which never going to
be ends.”
But now the point is that how this treasure of Knowledge shaped
me. What kind of knowledge I getting from this treasure?
Let starts from the very beginning at
my B.A. level.
“Exaggeration always destroying,
Exaggeration leads towards tragic
facts.”
That’s what I learn from “Tughlaq” and
the same theme carried out in “Dr. Faustus” by Christopher Marlow; “Dr.Jekyll
and Mr. Hide” by Robert Louis Stevenson; “Frankenstein” by Mary Shelley.
Mary Shelley also talks about the
patriarchal power and also tries to deconstruct the idea of it through creating
such kind of monster. The importance of women in the society is very low and
each and every stage they are humiliated, suppressed or oppressed by male
dominance society. But Virginia Woolf highly criticized this society through
putting such argumentative point in “To the Lighthouse” that-
Why women cannot write and paint?
Likewise, Milton describe the
argumentative nature of women through the character of Eve in the year 1667
that’s what Virginia Woolf proved out into the year 1927 through the character
of Lily Briscoe. Even Jane Austen digs deep and carried out how the patriarchal
society operates.
So these all text teach me that not be
the character like Mrs. Ramsay, who pretending that she is good while she also
wants the symptoms of Lily Briscoe, who live life freely. In short
individuality is everything. Freedom is everything. One can have the choice to
live life how they want to live. This thing I learn from “the Scarlet Letter”
by Nathaniel Hawthorne.
Afterward, the novel “The White Tiger”
by Aravind Adiga, also talks about the same idea that-
Individualism is everything. Why are
we waiting for others changes rather change ourselves? I think that India is
great country. India finds everything. But this text criticized the idea of
habit of India people who believe that India is find out everything. This novel
got the criticism that Adiga feeding English people’s mentality through this
novel.
So I must say that they have very
limited knowledge about the literature. Maybe they not read T.S.Eliot’ “The
Waste Land”, who criticized his own land to call it as a Waste Land. So, it teaches
me that if we are wrong at some point we must accept it and always be ready to
change ourselves. Further in “Gulliver’s Travels”, Swift also criticized his
own culture.
Furthermore, the Old man and the Sea,
teach me that “EVERY DAY IS NEW DAY”. Dedication, determination and hard work are
ultimate truth that I learn from this novel.
“Be Skeptical” towards everything that I learn from Julian
Barnes’ “The Sense of an Ending” and from Dan Brown’s “The Da Vinci Code”.
Doubt everything and not believe in anything easily.
J.K.Rowling’s “Harry Potter and the
Deathly Hallows” teach me that “DEATH IS INEVITABLE”. Fear from the death one
cannot harm others existence. Hatred, jealousy, murder is not the ultimate
elements for living good life rather love and friendship is ultimate elements
to living good life.
In the critical situation God always
help us that I learn from Life of Pi by Yann Martel, Chetan Bhagat’s “One Night
at the Call Center”, Dan Brown’s “The Da Vinci Code”, and “Moby Dick” by Herman
Melville.
Totally opposite to that is what Samuel
Beckett talks about in “Waiting for Godot”. It aware us about the
RESPONSIBILITIES that human being have. Normally people don’t fulfill their
responsibilities so they hide themselves under the curtain of religion. It always
reminds me whenever I take breathing that we are habituated to doing the
things.
Likewise, we never see ourselves that where
are we wrong. We always try to put ourselves into margin. Moreover we always are craving sympathy from other.
That’s what the African Literature talks about. They tries to look back to
themselves that where are they wrong. What is their fault? In reality we also
make ourselves like "BICHARA KIND" of people and want sympathy from other. So it
makes our life one step backward. But here all the African Literature not gives
us pleasure instead of that it is give us frustration, hatred, anger and what
not. These books were not written out of compassion but out of compulsion.
The post-colonial Literature talks
about those who are intentionally wiped out from the map or not having voice,
it giving voice to them. It is centering the decenter.
In short literature is for those who
are marginalized by the power. It giving space to them and talking from their
point of view or perspective.
So, in a way I got lots of things from
the Literature but when it became the matter of practical use of literature, it
may fail. Accept this i more like all theories and all post-colonial literature
and some modern literature.
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